Last Updated on March 16, 2024
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Unfortunately, enalapril is not available over the counter in the UK. It is a prescription medication and can only be obtained with a valid prescription from a registered healthcare professional. Enalapril belongs to a group of medications known as ACE inhibitors and is commonly used for the management of hypertension, heart failure, and diabetic kidney disease.
If you are looking to obtain enalapril, it is important that you speak with your doctor or a licensed healthcare provider. They will assess your medical history and determine if enalapril is the right medication for you. If appropriate, they will provide you with a prescription that you can use to obtain the medication from a pharmacy.
It is important to note that taking any medication, including enalapril, without the guidance of a healthcare professional can be dangerous and harmful. Self-diagnosis and self-medication can lead to serious health complications and may worsen your medical condition. Speak with your doctor today if you think you may benefit from enalapril or any other medication.
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What is Enalapril
Enalapril is an antihypertensive drug from the group of ACE inhibitors. It is derived from the first ACE inhibitor, captopril, and has some advantages in terms of side effects. Here you can read everything you need to know about enalapril, its side effects and how to use it.
How enalapril works
The active ingredient Enalapril affects one of the most important systems in the human body to regulate blood pressure: the renin-angiotensin system (RAAS). In order to maintain the blood pressure Renin is an enzyme produced in the kidneys. It converts the protein angiotensinogen from the liver into the hormone precursor angiotensin I. In a second step the so-called angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) converts the angiotensin I into the active angiotensin II This hormone then effects via different mechanisms, a blood pressure rise.
- Less water is excreted through the kidneys.
- The adrenal cortex is stimulated to produce the hormone aldosterone, which also inhibits the secretion of water and electrolytes.
- Small arterial vessels are narrowed, reducing blood pressure continues to rise.
ACE inhibitors such as Enalapril block ACE. As a result, less angiotensin II is produced and the pressor effect is reduced. Inhibition is useful, but only when blood pressure is abnormally high, to bring the system back to normal. The workload on the heart.
Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of Enalapril
After taking enalapril, about two-thirds of the drug is rapidly absorbed through the intestines into the blood, where it reaches peak levels after one hour. Absorption is not affected by food. In the blood, enalapril, which is actually an inactive precursor of the active ingredient enalaprilat, is converted into the active ingredient. The highest levels of the active form are found in the blood after about four hours. Enalapril and enalaprilat are excreted in the urine through the kidneys.
When is Enalapril used?
Enalapril is used to treat heart failure and to prevent heart failure in certain pre-existing conditions.
In general, enalapril needs to be taken long term to permanently relieve and protect the heart and blood vessels.
How Enalapril is used?
Enalapril is taken as a pill. Usually a low dose is started and then slowly increased to the maintenance dose – if the initial dose of enalapril is high, it can cause a sharp drop in blood pressure with dizziness or fainting. The tablet is taken once a day, at very high doses of 40 milligrams Enalapril (maximum daily dose) should be administered in the morning and evening are divided.
It may be useful to combine enalapril (e.g. Lercandipin) with diuretics (water reducers) or other antihypertensives such as calcium channel blockers.
What are the side effects of Enalapril?
During treatment, more than one in ten patients experience enalapril side effects such as blurred vision, cough, nausea and weakness.
Other enalapril side effects occur in one in ten to one in one hundred patients, abdominal pain, rash, hypersensitivity reactions, fatigue and increased potassium and creatinine blood levels.
Some of the side effects can be directly attributed to the low blood pressure. Especially in the early stages of treatment, normal blood pressure often feels too low.
Side effects such as cough, rash or hypersensitivity reactions should be reported to your doctor. The medication may need to be changed.
What should I watch for while taking Enalapril?
Use in combination with other antihypertensive drugs that act on the RAAS should be reserved for special cases. Examples of such agents are aliskiren and sartans such as candesartan, losartan or valsartan.
Co-administration of enalapril with potassium-sparing diuretics (such as spironolactone, triamterene, amiloride) or potassium supplements may lead to markedly increased potassium blood levels.
Combination therapy with other antihypertensive drugs, which is often prescribed for severe hypertension, should always be started at different times so that the blood pressure does not drop too much at the beginning.
The use of tricyclic antidepressants, neuroleptics and other anaesthetics may also increase blood pressure. Use of the mood stabiliser lithium should be monitored by checking blood levels.
The use of NSAIDs (such as aspirin or ibuprofen), which are often taken for headaches, may antagonise the effects of enalapril.
Diabetics using oral antidiabetic agents or insulin should keep a close eye on their blood sugar levels. There is a risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycaemia).
Enalapril is not recommended during the first three months of pregnancy or while breast-feeding. Antihypertensives should never be used in the second and third trimesters.
A lower dose of enalapril is required when used in patients with impaired kidney function. It may also be used in children if the kidneys are functioning adequately.
How to obtain medication with Enalapril
Each prescription contains the active ingredient enalapril.
Since when Enalapril is known?
The first ACE inhibitor, captopril, was developed using a small protein found in the venom of Bothrops jararaca, which can effectively lower blood pressure. Captopril was developed in 1974 with the pharmaceutical company Bristol-Myers Squibb and was launched in the US in 1981. However, the drug had some unpleasant side effects such as rashes and dysgeusia. Just two years later, the pharmaceutical company Merck & Co. launched enalapril as a direct competitor with a better side-effect profile.