Last Updated on January 15, 2019
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What is Indomethacin?
One of the representatives of the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is the drug “Indomethacin” (tablets). Due to the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effect of its use for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, pain treatment, puffiness and joint mobility restoration. Description: The main actor is indomethacin, which refers to derivatives of indoleacetic acid. The indomethacin medicament, inside the package, is a tablet, a tablet. The tablet is round in shape, biconvex, and covered with a light brown shell on top. The active ingredient Indomethacin is a painkiller (analgesic) from the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It is mainly used for the treatment of rheumatic diseases, but also for pain, swelling and inflammation from other causes. Here you can read all you need to know about effects and application of Indomethacin, side effects and interactions.
Tablets are available in several dosages: 25 mg, 50 mg and 100 mg indomethacin. Available in 10 or 40 pieces per pack. All dosage forms In addition to tablets, there are other forms of the preparation “Indomethacin” for oral use, for example capsules with a prolonged effect of 75 mg dosage. For rectal administration, suppositories with a dose of 50 mg are used. For external use, an ointment of 5% and 10% and a gel of 3% was created.
How it works?
The drug is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent of systemic action that has anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous, analgesic and antipyretic effects. The instruction attached to the preparation “Indomethacin” (tablets) contains a description of the mechanism of its active component activity, associated with a decrease in cyclooxygenase activity of type 1 and type 2. In turn, this enzyme has less effect on arachidonic acid, which reduces its transformation into prostaglandins. It is these substances that cause inflammation and pain.
Indomethacin exhibits an antiaggregant effect, reducing the adhesion of platelet blood cells. The substance weakens the pain syndrome with joint pain in a calm and mobile state, reduces morning stiffness and swelling, increases the volume of movements. The action of indomethacin is aimed at reducing inflammation. The maximum this effect is manifested on the seventh day of treatment with tablets of the drug.
The drug Indomethacin inhibits the production of certain tissue hormones (prostaglandins) in the body. These mediate multiple effects in the human body: prostaglandins stimulate inflammatory responses, call a tissue swelling forth, increase local blood circulation, enhance pain stimuli, stimulate the uterine muscles to contract to (labor promotion), narrowing the bronchi in the lungs and trigger
Now you inhibit the formation of these growth hormones, no longer or only attenuated these reactions take place. This explains the effect of Indomethacin against inflammation, pain and swelling.
Up, degradation and excretion of Indomethacin
After taking Indomethacin is rapidly and completely absorbed by the intestinal lining into the blood stream and reach there in half an hour or two the highest levels. Thereafter, half of the active substance is excreted in about two hours. It is partially converted in the liver to make it more soluble in water, then about two-thirds in the urine, one third are excreted in the stool.
Uses
The analgesic Indomethacin is used to:
- chronic inflammation, pain and swelling (eg in rheumatoid arthritis)
- inflammation, pain and swelling from other causes (eg after injury or surgery in cancer pain, renal or biliary colic)
Previously, the drug has also been used for tocolysis, what now but are more reliable means available.
Idications
The position to be taken Indomethacin dosage is chosen depending on the severity of the disease. Are usual doses of 50 to 150 milligrams per day, divided into one to three doses. The maximum daily dose, which is very severe cases, is 200 milligrams. To be taken with a glass of water during a meal.
The drug, there are not only for oral use but also in the form of suppositories and eyedrops and as Schmerzgel and Pain Spray. The Schmerzgel is two to four times a day, apply the Pain Spray three to five times a day. The eye drops coming four to six times a day to use.
What are the possible side effects of Indomethacin?
With more than one in ten patients experience side effects such as Indomethacin and bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract.
In addition, with one in ten to one hundred patients treated for hypersensitivity reactions (such as pruritis and rash), depression, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, tinnitus (), indigestion, abdominal cramps and pain, gastrointestinal ulcers, or an increase of liver enzyme levels.
For the prevention of gastrointestinal discomfort after prolonged ingestion of Indomethacin can after medical consultation in addition a so-called “gastric protection” be taken. As such are, for example proton pump inhibitors such as misoprostol or prostaglandin analogues.
What should I consider when taking Indomethacin?
The combined intake of other drugs with Indomethacin may increase the risk of interactions.
So leads the additional intake of other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like aspirin / acetylsalicylic acid (a painkiller or anti-clotting), Naproxen and Diclofenac, may cause severe internal bleeding. The same applies to the combination with glucocorticoids (colloquially “cortisone”).
The effect of anticoagulants such as warfarin and warfarin may be potentiated by Indomethacin, which is why the coagulation status should be closely monitored.
The blood levels of drugs with a narrow therapeutic index (ie those that are quickly over- or under-dosed) can be altered by Indomethacin and therefore should be particularly closely monitored during initiation of therapy. Examples of such drugs are Digoxin (heart medicine), Phenytoin (anticonvulsant) and lithium (for mental illness).
In addition, Indomethacin may antagonize the effects of dewatering agents (diuretics such as Furosemide and Hydrochlorothiazide). The same applies to the effect of hypertension agents from the group of ACE inhibitors (such as Captopril and Enalapril) or from the group of sartans (Valsartan and Candesartan like).
Indomethacin may affect the labor in the third trimester of pregnancy and have a harmful effect on the unborn child. It should therefore throughout pregnancy not be applied.
The drug passes into breast milk. Is an application in lactation absolutely necessary should first be stopped.
For use in children and adolescents There are no adequate data, which is why the intake should not be here.
Elderly (65 years) should be carefully monitored because of the risk of dominance of side effects during treatment.
How to buy drugs with Indomethacin?
With the exception of pain sprays for use on the skin all Indomethacin-containing supplements are only available on prescription.
Since when Indomethacin is known?
Indomethacin was discovered in 1963 when it was searched specifically for a decongestant drug. As a decongestant were hitherto only glucocorticoids (“cortisone”) known. Like other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (eg, aspirin / ASA) acts Indomethacin also analgesic. The drug in the US in was first approved in 1965. There are now numerous generics with the active ingredient Indomethacin .