Last Updated on June 3, 2023
Indomethacin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is commonly used to treat pain, inflammation, and fever. It works by reducing the production of chemicals in the body that cause pain and inflammation. While indomethacin is a prescription drug in the UK, there are some options available for those who are looking to buy it over the counter.
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One option is to purchase indomethacin over the counter from online pharmacies. These pharmacies operate legally and offer a convenient way to purchase medication without a prescription. However, it is important to ensure that the online pharmacy you choose is reputable and licensed.
Another option is to purchase indomethacin over the counter from international pharmacies. In some countries, including some in Europe, indomethacin is available without a prescription. However, it is important to ensure that the medication you purchase is safe and of high quality. It is also important to be aware that customs regulations may apply when importing medication from overseas.
What is Indomethacin?
One of the representatives of the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is the drug “Indomethacin” (tablets). Due to the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effect of its use in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, pain treatment, swelling and restoring joint mobility. Description: The main player is indomethacin, which refers to derivatives of indoleacetic acid. The Indomethacin medicine, inside the package, is a tablet, one tablet. The tablet is round, biconvex and covered with a light brown cap. Indomethacin is a painkiller (analgesic) from the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It is mainly used to treat rheumatic conditions, but can also be used to treat pain, swelling and inflammation from other causes. This section will tell you everything you need to know about indomethacin, including how it works, how to use it, side effects and how it may interact with other medicines.
Tablets are available in several dosages: 25 mg, 50 mg and 100 mg indomethacin. Available in 10 or 40 pieces per pack. All dosage forms In addition to tablets, there are other forms of the preparation “Indomethacin” for oral use, for example capsules with a prolonged effect of 75 mg dosage. For rectal administration, suppositories with a dose of 50 mg are used. For external use, an ointment of 5% and 10% and a gel of 3% was created.
How it works?
The drug is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent of systemic action, which has anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous, analgesic and antipyretic effects. The instructions attached to the preparation “Indomethacin” (tablets) contain a description of the mechanism of action of its active component, which is associated with a decrease in cyclooxygenase activity of type 1 and type 2. In turn, this enzyme has less effect on arachidonic acid, which reduces its transformation into prostaglandins. It is these substances that cause inflammation and pain.
Indomethacin is an antiaggregant, which reduces the adhesion of blood platelets. It alleviates pain syndrome with joint pain in a calm and mobile state, reduces morning stiffness and swelling, increases the volume of movement. The action of indomethacin is aimed at reducing inflammation. The maximum of this effect is manifested on the seventh day of treatment with tablets of the drug.
Indomethacin inhibits the production of certain tissue hormones (prostaglandins) in the body. These have many effects in the human body: prostaglandins stimulate inflammatory reactions, cause tissue swelling, increase local blood circulation, enhance pain stimuli, stimulate the uterine muscles to contract (induce labour), constrict the bronchi in the lungs, and cause the heart to stop beating.
By inhibiting the production of these growth hormones, these reactions no longer take place, or take place in a weakened form. This explains the effect of indomethacin on inflammation, pain and swelling.
Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of indomethacin
After ingestion, indomethacin is rapidly and completely absorbed through the intestinal mucosa into the bloodstream, reaching peak levels within half an hour or two. Half of the active ingredient is then excreted in about two hours. Some of it is converted in the liver to make it more soluble in water, then about two-thirds is excreted in the urine and one-third in the faeces.
Uses
The painkiller indomethacin is used::
- chronic inflammation, pain and swelling (e.g. in rheumatoid arthritis)
- inflammation, pain and swelling from other causes (e.g. after injury or surgery in cancer pain, renal or biliary colic)
In the past, the drug was also used for tocolysis, but more reliable methods are now available.
Indications
The dosage of indomethacin depends on the severity of the condition. Usual doses are 50 to 150 milligrams a day, divided into one to three doses. The maximum daily dose, which is used in very severe cases, is 200 milligrams. To be taken with a glass of water during a meal.
As well as being taken orally, the drug is also available in the form of suppositories, eye drops, pain gel and pain spray. The pain gel is used two to four times a day, while the pain spray is used three to five times a day. The eye drops are used four to six times a day.
What are the possible side effects of indomethacin?
More than one in ten patients experience side effects such as indomethacin and bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract.
In addition, hypersensitivity reactions (such as pruritus and rash), depression, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, tinnitus, indigestion, abdominal cramps and pain, gastrointestinal ulcers, or an increase in liver enzyme levels may occur in one in ten to one in one hundred patients.
In order to prevent gastrointestinal upset after prolonged use of indomethacin, a “stomach protector” may be used after consultation with your doctor. These include proton pump inhibitors such as misoprostol or prostaglandin analogues.
What should I watch for while taking indomethacin?
Taking other medicines with indomethacin may increase the risk of interaction.
For example, taking other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin/acetylsalicylic acid (a painkiller or anticoagulant), naproxen and diclofenac can cause serious internal bleeding. The same is true when they are combined with glucocorticoids (colloquially known as “cortisone”).
The effect of anticoagulants such as warfarin and rivaroxaban may be increased by indomethacin, so monitor your coagulation status closely.
Blood levels of drugs with a narrow therapeutic index (i.e. those that can be rapidly over- or underdosed) may be altered by indomethacin and should therefore be monitored closely during initiation of therapy. Examples of such drugs are digoxin (heart medicine), phenytoin (anticonvulsant) and lithium (for mental illness).
In addition, indomethacin may antagonise the effects of dehydrating agents (diuretics such as furosemide and hydrochlorothiazide). The same applies to the effect of blood pressure medicines from the group of ACE inhibitors (such as captopril and enalapril) or from the group of sartans (such as valsartan and candesartan).
Indomethacin may interfere with labour in the third trimester of pregnancy and may be harmful to the unborn child. It should not be used during pregnancy.
Indomethacin passes into breast milk. If use is absolutely necessary while breast-feeding, discontinue use first.
For use in children and adolescents There is no adequate data, so the drug should not be used here.
Elderly (65 years) should be carefully monitored because of the risk of dominance of side effects during treatment.
How can I buy medication containing indomethacin?
With the exception of pain sprays for use on the skin, all medicines containing indomethacin are available only on prescription.
How long has indomethacin been on the market?
Indomethacin was discovered in 1963 during a specific search for a decongestant. Until then, the only known decongestants were glucocorticoids (“cortisone”). Like other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g. aspirin / ASA), indomethacin also acts as a painkiller. The drug was first approved in the US in 1965. There are now many generics with the active ingredient indomethacin.