Last Updated on March 16, 2024
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Azithromycin
Azithromycin is an antibiotic and is one of the most important agents in bacterial respiratory and skin diseases. The drug is considered to be generally well tolerated. However, Azithromycin can interact with many other medications, which must be considered before an application. Here you can read everything about Azithromycin.
How Azithromycin works
Mechanism of Action
The human immune system protects the body from the implantation and spread of alien invaders. Once a pathogen finds its way into the body, the immune system responds instantly and combats this with different mechanisms. As a rule, the person never knows when the immune system is active, or there are only slight discomfort due to the infection.
Sometimes, however, the body’s immune system does not make it immediately to combat the pathogen successfully. The symptoms are then more severe. Can the body not the pathogens are more Lord, drugs can assist the body in the defensive struggle.
These drugs include the antibiotic Azithromycin. It works by blocking protein synthesis in bacterial pathogens. The germs are thus inhibited in their growth. Thus, the immune system has to do is to find the “killing” and the elimination of the bacteria take care of, and the symptoms of the disease better quickly.
Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of Azithromycin
Azithromycin is absorbed only partially (about 40 percent) from the intestine into the blood. The reduction takes place in the liver. The degradation products are on the kidney (ie in the urine) or through the intestines (the chair) excreted.
When is Azithromycin used?
The active ingredient is Azithromycin (indications) used in the following symptoms if they are caused by bacteria:
- respiratory tract infections such as bronchitis, tonsillitis
- otitis media (otitis media)
- skin and soft tissue infections
- genital infections caused by Chlamydia or Neisseria (gonorrhea
How Azithromycin is taken?
In general, the active ingredient in the form of tablets before or with a meal is served. Furthermore, suspensions and solutions are available that are either ingested or injected into the bloodstream.
The total dose of Azithromycin is in respiratory infections, middle ear infections and skin and soft tissue infections and a half grams, which can be taken by various schemes:
- 3-day therapy: where 500 milligrams of Azithromycin are over a period of three days taken daily.
- 5-day therapy: In this scheme, the first day to 500 milligrams, taken to the next four days per 250 milligrams daily
.
In genital infections, the total dose is only one gram, which can be taken at once.
In patients with a body weight less than 45 kilograms, the Azithromycin dosage must be reduced.
What are the side effects of Azithromycin?
Very common (in more than ten percent of those treated) it comes to gastrointestinal complaints. Frequently, therefore, at one to ten percent of those treated, Azithromycin causes side effects such as blurred vision and. Even more rarely occur photosensitivity, hepatic impairment, renal impairment, discoloration of the teeth and hearing disorders.
What should I watch for while taking Azithromycin?
Limitations
When liver dysfunction Azithromycin should be used with caution, since the drug is metabolized by the liver. The same applies if the blood salt levels are too low (especially in potassium and magnesium deficiency) and certain heart problems (QT prolongation, severe cardiac dysfunction to slow heartbeat = bradycardia).
Interaction
When multiple drugs are taken at the same time, they can influence each other in their effect.
The following active ingredients intensify when co-administered, the side effects of Azithromycin:
- ergot alkaloids (for migraine, circulatory disorders,)
- cisapride (for heartburn)
- astemizole (for allergies)
- triazolam, midazolam (called benzodiazepines for insomnia and for anesthesia)
- alfentanil (for pain relief during surgery)
Azithromycin increases the effect of the following drugs:
- Blood thinning agents (coumarins)
- Digoxin (for heart disorders)
Pregnancy and lactation
The scope of experience on the application of Azithromycin during pregnancy is high. It has been shown that the drug has no harmful effect on the unborn child. Therefore Azithromycin should be used during pregnancy and lactation.
Better proven alternatives are penicillin and Clarithromycin are.
Driving and using machines
The ability to react is not influenced by the intake of Azithromycin. However, there may be side effects like dizziness and convulsions. Therefore, the individual response to the drug should be at the beginning of treatment to be awaited before the patient actively participates in the road.
Experts, while taking Azithromycin to avoid alcohol.
How to obtain medicines with Azithromycin
Antibacterial agents should generally be applied only after clear diagnosis. Therefore Azithromycin is only with a prescription from a doctor to the pharmacy to buy.