Last Updated on March 16, 2024
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Atenolol
Atenolol is a beta-blocker. He acts as a brake on certain receptors in heart muscle and in the walls of blood vessels. Therefore, it is used to treat high blood pressure and certain heart rhythm disorders. Read everything relevant to operation and use of Atenolol.
acts Atenolol
Atenolol is a water-soluble drug, which binds only to a particular type (beta 1) beta receptors , Therefore He is also called Beta-1 receptor blocker. Atenolol acts on the autonomic nervous system that controls blood pressure and heart work among others. Certain chemical messengers (neurotransmitters) as adrenaline, noradrenaline and regulate these processes. The neurotransmitter adrenaline binds to the beta receptors, for example, the heart muscle, increasing the stroke rate, so the blood pressure rises.
Because of its molecular structure similar Atenolol can dock at the binding sites for neurotransmitters and this block of adrenaline, so that mitigates the effects of the endogenous hormone. Thereby, the blood pressure drops. Also, because the excitability of the heart muscle decreases, at the same time the tendency falls to certain forms of cardiac arrhythmia.
Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of Atenolol
The active ingredient Atenolol is absorbed into the blood only halfway out of the intestine after recording via the mouth (oral). There it is converted to a very small extent in intermediate products, but which has no pharmacological effect. After that, the degradation takes place mainly via the kidneys. The degradation products are eventually excreted in the urine.
When applied Atenolol?
Atenolol is used to treat heart arrhythmias (such as atrial fibrillation), and preventively used against ventricular fibrillation. Ventricular fibrillation is a life-threatening disorder of cardiac activity, in barely blood is pumped into the body.
HowAtenolol is used
Atenolol is available as a tablet containing various concentrations of active compound (25mg, 50mg and 100mg). Many cardiovascular disorders once daily is sufficient from a tablet with 25mg active ingredient. In hypertension Atenolol 50mg a day may be prescribed at the start of therapy. If necessary, the dosage for a week may be increased to 100mg active ingredient per day. The dosage prescribed by the doctor is sure to follow exactly.
What are the side effects Atenolol?
Common Atenolol side effects affecting the cardiovascular system. It may occur especially at the start of treatment at an unusually slow heartbeat (bradycardia), the blood pressure may drop more than desired. Many patients concomitantly a cold sensation on the hands and feet. Especially at the beginning of the treatment with the active ingredient are also dizziness or strong or constipation during treatment with Atenolol.
Side effects that are observed occasionally (less than one percent of patients), are an inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye (conjunctivitis), muscle cramps, insomnia and an increase in blood sugar levels.
Rare triggers Atenolol side effects such as circulatory disorders or cramps finger arteries. Likewise, redness, bleeding in the subcutaneous tissue (purpura) breathing difficulties and blurred vision possible. Very rarely, hallucinations, psychoses, confusion, and nightmares.
If side effects or discomfort not mentioned in connection with the medication with you here, please search always to your doctor.
When should you not take Atenolol?
Atenolol should not be used
- with a hypersensitivity (allergic reaction) to the active substance or any other beta-blocker
- with insufficient oxygenation (shock)
- in the sinus node syndrome
- at the heart beating with less than 50 beats per minute (Bardykardie)
- if the pH of the blood is too acidic (acidosis)
- in advanced circulatory disorders of extremities
- if antidepressants are taken at the same time (eg MAOIs)
Interaction
At the same medication taken as tablets (diuretics), antidepressants or certain anesthetics (barbiturates) increase the hypotensive effect of Atenolol. In contrast, the blood pressure can increase to dangerous levels if the blood pressure medication is discontinued during concomitant Atenolol application.
Insulin increases blood glucose-lowering effect of beta-blockers, which may cause low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). At the same typical symptoms of hypoglycemia such as an increased heart rate will be obscured by Atenolol, however. You should therefore check as insulin dependent diabetics regularly check your blood sugar levels. . perform
Pregnancy and lactation
During pregnancy, expectant mothers should avoid during the first three months on Atenolol. The drug crosses the placenta and can be transmitted to the fetus. There are no studies on possible effects on the embryo for that period. Damage to the unborn child can not be excluded.
In the last three months of pregnancy the fetus growth retardation and a slightly elevated blood pressure were observed. Therefore, you should take the medication at this stage only under the supervision of a physician. Shortly before birth (24 to 48 hours in advance) may Atenolol no longer be applied, since there is a risk that developing a Bardykardie or respiratory distress in the newborn.
The active ingredient can be found in breast milk and are transmitted to the child during breastfeeding. Although absorbed with their mother’s milk amount of active ingredient is probably safe for the infant, the child’s condition should be monitored by a doctor.
Driving and using machines
Atenolol can affect the ability to react even when the correct dose. Safe handling of equipment and the ability to actively participate in road traffic may therefore be limited mainly to the start of therapy.
How to receive medication with Atenolol
Atenololis in the pharmacy available by prescription in tablet form with different drug concentrations.
