Last Updated on March 16, 2024
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Salbutamol
The active ingredient Salbutamol is one of the best known representatives of the so-called beta-agonists (beta-2 receptor agonist). It is for the treatment of asthma, chronic bronchitis and applied COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and is found in many “asthma sprays” (especially those for emergencies). Its action takes place quickly, but does not last long. Here you can read everything about the effect of Salbutamol, side effects and use.
How Salbutamol works
The vegetative (not willfully controllable) nervous system of the body consists of two parts, which behave like opponent to one another: the parasympathetic nervous system (parasympathetic) and the sympathetic nervous system (sympathetic). If the parasympathetic the upper hand, slows the heartbeat, digestion is stimulated and the muscle fundamental voltage decreases. Doctors refer to the “Feed-and-breed” reaction (“eat and procreate”) or “rest-and-digest” response (“rest and digest”).
However, if the sympathetic nervous system is activated, the body is on performance prepared in accordance with the “fight-or-flight response” response (“fight or flee”) – the heartbeat is faster, the pupils dilate and the digestive activity shuts down. In addition, the bronchi are maximum extent provided, to allow good gas exchange and thus sufficient to provide oxygen for cellular respiration. This stress response is mediated by the neurotransmitters epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Salbutamol mimics the action of stress hormones in the lungs, thus ensures a bronchodilator and thus improves the absorption of oxygen and the discharge of carbon dioxide. In the rest of the body the drug exerts almost no effects (ie it acts selectively on the lungs), thereby reducing the risk of side effects.
The active ingredient is one of the rapid and short-acting beta-2-sympatomimetics, ie:. Its effect starts quickly, but does not last long on (about four hours)
processing and dismantling of Salbutamol
After his administration Salbutamol is taken depending on the dosage form through the lungs or the intestine into the blood. Within a day, 50 to 75 percent of the recorded amount of active ingredient will be excreted through the kidneys.
When is Salbutamol used?
The active ingredient Salbutamol is licensed for the symptomatic treatment of airway constriction (bronchoconstriction) in bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or emphysema. It is also used for the prevention of exercise-induced or allergisch- asthma attacks.
How Salbutamol is taken?
In most cases, the drug is inhaled because he thereby directly to its destination (lung) arrived and in this application fail most Salbutamol side effects. To use this come Salbutamol spray (as a suspension in LPG), Salbutamol metered, Salbutamol DPIs and single-dose vials containing Salbutamol inhalation solution for special Inhalers / nebulizers.
The Salbutamol metered into the spray is usually chosen so that one or two sprays are sufficient to wide airways. If symptoms do not subside after a few minutes, the inhalation of Salbutamol may be repeated.
Depending on the type and severity of the respiratory disease, the combination may with longer-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist (beta-2 receptor agonist), glucocorticoids (“cortisone”) and / or anti-allergic agents be useful.
What are the side effects of Salbutamol?
The most common side effects are Salbutamol tremors, nausea, and cardiac arrhythmias. However, these usually occur only at the beginning of therapy and subside after one to two weeks after.
What should be considered when administering Salbutamol?
If the patient has a very serious asthma attack or appears the effect of the drugs to be insufficient, the emergency physician must be notified as quickly as possible.
So-called beta-blockers, which are used in cardiac arrhythmias and, acting on the same target structure such as Salbutamol. With simultaneous application this may lead to a mutual effect mitigation. The intake of beta-blockers may even lead to asthma attacks and is not recommended in patients with asthma, therefore.
Even with concomitant use of cardiac medications such as digitalis glycosides (cardiac glycosides) may have undesirable effects occur, which is why the combination should be avoided.
Salbutamol can also be used during pregnancy and lactation after consultation with the doctor. In the last trimester of pregnancy, it can be used to reduce preterm labor or completely suppress (tocolysis) and thus to prevent premature birth.
The active ingredient Salbutamol can be used in children aged four years and also in the elderly.
How to get medicines with Salbutamol
Since Salbutamol can have severe side effects due to incorrect / improper use, it is under prescription. So it is only available by medical prescription at the pharmacy.
Since when Salbutamol is known?
The active ingredient Salbutamol was the first selective and thus very few side effects Beta-2-sympathomimetic and in 1969 in England by the pharmaceutical company Allen & amp; Hanbury`s first placed on the market. Later Salbutamol was also approved in other countries such as Germany.
