Last Updated on March 16, 2024
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Budesonide
The active ingredient <Budesonide COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), runny nose and chronic inflammatory bowel disease is used to treat asthma, used. As a “soft drug” it is applied locally, unfolds its effect and is then rapidly degraded once it enters the bloodstream. Here you can read everything you need to Budesonide, side effects and use.
HowBudesonide works
The active ingredient Budesonide is an antiallergic, anti-inflammatory as so-called glucocorticoid and suppresses the immune system. It is (colloquially known as cortisone, but this is the inactivated form) with the body’s stress hormone cortisol related. Budesonide, like cortisol, acting on specific docking sites in the cell and changed there, the metabolic processes to be stress situations. In the immune system, it ensures a suppression of inflammatory processes in the liver, it increases the production of sugar (glucose) and the breakdown of fat, to provide energy to the body.
The active ingredient Budesonide is designed so that it will be inactivated as soon as it enters the bloodstream. Thus the Budesonide side effects can be kept minimal. However, this results also that the active substance can not pass through the bloodstream to the site of action – so it must always be applied locally, for example, as Budesonide nasal spray / gobs, as an inhalant, enteric capsules, granules or rectal (the latter for a local effect in the gut).
Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of Budesonide
As soon as the active ingredient Budesonide passes into the bloodstream, it is metabolised in the liver to metabolites with low glucocorticoid activity. After three to four hours, about half of the drug is excreted via the stool (so-called “half-life”).
When is Budesonide used
The active ingredient Budesonide is used for:
- asthma
- COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
- allergic rhinitis as
- nasal polyps
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease ()
- autoimmune hepatitis (inflammation of the liver)
treatment
principle is usually carried out over a few weeks, but this can vary between individuals. So Budesonide is used
Respiratory is a Budesonide spray for inhalation a – or twice applied daily. The full effect occurs only after more than a week consistently applied, which is why the spray is also not suitable for the relief of acute asthmatic symptoms. Following inhalation should be drunk always eaten something or because it can lead to fungal infections by local immunosuppression in the mouth otherwise.
There are combination preparations (eg formoterol) containing Budesonide together with a long-acting beta-sympathomimetic. This alleviates additional asthmatic symptoms by providing the bronchi and so far helps to better gas exchange in the lungs.
Budesonide nasal spray for allergic rhinitis is present as a suspension and should be shaken before use. The standard dosage is usually twice a day a spray in each nostril.
In inflammatory bowel diseases often enteric capsules or granules are used. Resistant stomach because the gastric acid Budesonide would decompose. Especially when the descending part of the colon is concerned, also a rectal or a Rektalsuspension can be used. The application is usually done once a day for a few weeks
What are the side effects of Budesonide
The Budesonide side effects depend in part on the type of application:.?
In the inhalation and nasal sprays frequently occur (ie, at every tenth to hundredth patients) side effects such as yeast infections of the mouth / throat, hoarseness, and irritation of the throat and oral mucosa.
Common side effects in dosage forms for use in the intestines are about indigestion, muscle cramps, palpitations, nervousness, mood swings, blurred vision, skin reactions, low potassium blood levels, edema and fat distribution disorders.
What’s in the capture of Budesonide to be aware of?
The degradation of the drug Budesonide in the liver is accomplished via an enzyme system that degrades many other drugs (CYP3A4). Therefore, the combination with other agents that inhibit this enzyme, or stimulate, increase or decrease the Budesonide mirrors. To said active ingredients include, for example, the anti-fungal agent ketoconazole and itraconazole, the immune inhibitor cyclosporine (in autoimmune diseases and after transplants), ethinyl Estradiol and other estrogens (female sex hormones) and the antibiotic rifampicin. Is taking appropriate medications known to the physician, he may adjust the dose of Budesonide accordingly.
Since Budesonide crosses the placenta and is excreted into breast milk, pregnant and nursing mothers should not take the drug. Up-to-market drugs are approved for children over 6 years (nasal spray and inhalers) and for adults over 18 years (for inflammatory bowel disease).
In patients with severe liver disease the reduction of Budesonide may be inhibited. The dose should therefore be possibly reduced.
How to get Budesonide
Each drug with the active ingredient Budesonide is only available on prescription in Germany.
How long has Budesonide known?
In 1855, the scientist Thomas Addison described a hormone deficiency, which could be treated with an extract of adrenal cortex. It contained, as was discovered in 1936 by researchers Kendall and Reichstein, the glucocorticoid cortisol. It could for the first time be produced synthetically in the laboratory in 1948, which brought with it the ability to modify the structure in order to modify the properties and to improve. When drug Budesonide has been specifically added a “breaking point”, which gives way, once the drug leaves the site of action.
